Executive Brief AI agents need identity because the organization must know which software actor is operating. They also need authorization because a known actor can still hold more authority than a specific task requires. NIST's February 2026 concept paper explicitly addresses both identification and authorization for software and AI agents that access data, tools, and applications. [1] Microsoft's agent access packages similarly separate agent identity from intentional, auditable, time-bound access assignments. [2] The practical control model is therefore two-part: establish the actor, then decide what that actor may do for the current task. Separate Identity From Author…
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